Scholars for Dollars? – Islam’s History of Scholarly Independence (3 of 3)

The prayer hall of a mosque with red carpets and rows of arches.

In almost all periods of Islam’s history, scholars – and in particular jurists (fuqahā’) – relied on a number of methods and initiatives to ensure their financial self-sufficiency...

Scholars for Dollars? – Islam’s History of Scholarly Independence (2 of 3)

An ornate stone arch framing a mosque courtyard.

Al-Subki and al-Qarāfi would use the term Fāsiq in reference to scholars who flatter debauched authorities, despite such a title usually afforded to those who commit major sins.